Hand-copied yin-yang funerary and memorial ritual books/scripts/texts (3) 手抄本陰陽喪葬祭祀經文

Yin-yangs chant texts/scripts in all funerary and memorial rituals. They chant these to all the gods they invite to the temporary altar; they chant to the ancestor gods of a family for which they are hired to do a ritual; they also chant to possible passers-by entities in the yin world. In addition to chanting scriptures, they also write numerous certificates and letters for various occasions. Following are several yin-yang writings that include (1) Obituary; (2) Road ticket (for carrying a dead person from Place A to Place B to be buried); (3) Certificate of Burial and (4) miscellaneous texts.
The books/scripts/texts were offered to us by Master Meng, the key informant in my yin-yang research, and they were camera-copied by Professor Karl Luckert, in summer 2003.

I will add the modern Chinese transcripts and English translations in the near future.

Transcript of the Front Door Obituary in simplified modern Chinese with explanation to some words -

出门告

不孝男_________罪孽深重不自陨灭祸延公故先考（妣）___公讳______（慈君­___氏）原命______相___年___月___日受生享寿___旬有己逝于公元一九八二年古___月___日因病告终正（内）寝不孝等亲视含殓遵制成服择定本月___日吉日吉时扶柩发引老（新）茔___山___向安厝[1]倘蒙亲谊送殡吊奠者寸楮[2]片]纸概不敢领  仅此

计

闻

父亡孤子（母亡哀子）父母俱亡孤哀子孝男（亲孙大功服）泣血稽颡[3]抆[4]泪同拜

杖期服

侄男（侄孙小功服）_________泣血抆泪  同拜

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[1] 厝：停柩，把棺材停放待葬，或浅埋以待改葬：浮～。暂～。

[2] 楮：纸的代称。

[3] 颡：额，脑门儿：稽～（古代一种跪拜礼，屈膝下拜，以额触地。居丧、请罪、投降时行之）。

[4] 抆：擦：～泪。

A rough English translation of the first text -

Front Door Obituary (門告),(above and the right half of below)

The undutiful son _______ is gravely sinful but did not I myself perish and [thereby] have caused the harm to be extended to my old father/mother Mr. _______ /MS _______of the _______family, who was born under the zodiac of _______ [e.g. one of the 12 animals] on the _______ day of the _______ month in the year of _______ [e.g. 壬子], and lived up to _______ years; he/she passed away on the _______ day of the _______ month (lunar calendar) of the year of _______  (solar calendar) due to an illness.  I as well as other undutiful relatives will personally witness the encoffining and make mourning dresses according to the tradition. A lucky day and auspicious hour has been chosen to escort the coffin to the new (or existing) graveyard in the _______ Mountain with _______ [e.g. N-S] direction to bury.  Should relatives and friends come to offer sacrifices and condolences, we dare not accept even small pieces of paper.

Sincerely

Shedding tears of blood the orphaned child worships by koutowing and wiping tears.

All the nephews worship with tears and blood from our eyes.

Explanations

Undutiful: This is a typical way to show modesty. Mourners do not claim that they are dutiful children; it is custom for others to praise them as dutiful children.

MS: The Western concept of “Mrs.” does not exist in this culture.

Lucky day and auspicious hour: The burial time will be determined by a yin-yang.

Dare not accept: This is another way to show modesty; but mourners and fellow villagers will not come without sacrificial gifts.

Paper: People bring paper to the mourning family for them to print paper money with ink and an engraved printing plate.

Transcript of Text of Repentance Delivering  (see original text above and below)

送忏念

一卷灵文一周完，金卢【炉】再把信香传。若要亡魂消灾罪，一卷书文对圣贤。启建上（中、下）元法忏第一（二、三）卷功德文疏。奏维

中华人民宁夏省固原县红庄公社盐泥大队人氏大庄小队居住。信士弟子_________是日拜

天尊之圣号礼上（中、下）元之法忏，消亡人之罪愆，积孝眷之福田。上干天命，释放幽魂；下积阴功，同登道岸。须至疏文者右谨具疏百拜

上奉

上元一品赐福天官紫微大帝

中元二品赦罪地官青虚大帝

下元三品解厄水官洞阴大帝

位下投进请详准此

照验

公元一九八二年古____月____日百拜

行

疏[1]

三元忏。一卷一周完。元忏亡人。一张罪；忏文举出，罪华非。三元赦罪天尊。

唵于亡魂消灾罪。三元赦罪天尊。

于亡魂求忏悔。定【？】念

天尊说经教。接引于众生。

有人勅诵者。百福自来临。

忏罪罪消灭。祈福福自生。

眷眷【卷卷】消灾章【瘴】。字字赦康宁。

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[1] 僧道拜忏时所焚化的祝告文。

Transcript of [Taoist] Chanting Praise of Lingguan (last two lines above; first 11 lines below)

灵官[1]步虚[2]

神使火雷都统兵。玉皇差你下凡尘。金鞭一烧【绕】乾坤动，火车一转万里城。

龙虎见之骨肉箤【碎？】，鬼魔文【闻】之心胆惊。若有众生皈命礼。万古千秋病不生。

西天取经唐三藏。猪八戒沙和尚。行者刚强。白马儿驮经。一十二藏。

菩萨爷有名阳【扬】。表写在灵烟上。（重一句）

喊【“感”或“撼”】天动地木【目】连生。地狱来救母亲。释院宏身，西杖儿震开地狱门。

菩萨爷有名阳【扬】。表写在灵烟上。

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[1] 道教奉为护法监坛之神。

[2] 道士唱经礼赞。

Transcript of Yangzhuang Checklist (last three line from above; one and half pages below)

殃状单子

谨遵茔元内载推选本音门下入棺内外禳物开列于后。

一课公故先考（妣）____公讳________慈君____氏原命________相____年____月____日受生享寿____旬有己迺[1]于公元一九八二年古____月____日约定*时因病告终正（内）寝择定____月____日吉日吉时扶柩发引老（新）茔____山____向安厝大吉

一课殃煞不出者宜用金银精石避殃煞，鬼见愁鬼箭草安息香十二精药井花水桃柳枝神水洒禳，代魂出之大吉。

一课入棺总用物，宜用丝麻木炭神麯岁钱*十*文食（石贯）鸡一个枕鸣红花子铁莞豆白雄鸡桑条打门头儿鸣引魂出之大吉。

仙师敕令灵界殃煞化气消散

公元一九八二年古____月____日殃示课行

用物俱全莞【完】毕。用物在前永为吉兆。

消殃符

雷仙师敕令灵界殃煞化气消散大吉

六精斩尽魂魄散，金鸡鸣处鬼神惊。

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[1] 同“乃”；thereupon.

Transcript of Lei-Tu-Wen, or Letter of Libation to the Earth (from left half of above and right half of below)

酹土文[1]

维

公元一九八二年岁次壬戌春三月丁未朔越祭日______祭主­­­­­­_______上叩谨以香楮【烛】酒礼之仪酹土于

寄茔后土之尊神前曰：惟神职司，坤舆位镇中央。统五方宰制之权，遂万物生成之主。城隍社令，各施职司之威；土地方隅，共守丘陵之正。兹因弟子，迁移父（母）灵，以令寄葬一（二三）周之年。

今者选定吉日迁移老茔____山____向安厝。因而敬备的酒礼祭献。酹土谢恩。消除厄难。赦免灾殃。二宅俱利，存亡共庆。家宅顺利，子孙兴旺；山清水秀，地灵人杰。神其有知，伏维敢告       尚

飨

酹土文

谢恩文

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[1] 原文中“醉土文”实为“酹土文”之笔误。张佐堂根据同类阴阳书籍改正。

Transcript of Ji-Tu-Wen, or Letter of Sacrifice Offering to the Earth God (from left half of above and the first three lines of below)

祭土文

老（新）茔后土之尊神前曰，土德广大，生育万物，土府有一阡二陌[1]尊神。即有一阡二陌凶煞[2]。兹因弟子葬埋先考（妣）老（新）茔，__山__向安厝，唯恐山间不利，冒犯土府神煞，因而敬备的酒礼祭献，修文祭土，消除厄难。赦免灾殃。伏愿祭之以后，多蒙保佑。家宅顺利，人口降吉降祥。生者永受福庇，亡者早得超升。神其有知，伏维敢告。尚

飨。

祭土文

消煞文

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[1] 疑为“一千二百”的刻意花俏写法。

[2] 煞（shà）：指凶神：～气。凶～。凶神恶～。

Transcript of Zhuijian Wen (from 4th line of right side to the end of left side)

追荐文

维

公元一九八二年岁次壬戊春三月丁未朔越祭日______祭主孝男______右暨亲族人等是日虔诚上叩。

谨以此香楮【烛】酒礼之仪追荐于

公故先考（妣）公讳_____（慈君___氏）原命______相。___年___月___日受生。

享寿___旬有己。迺于公元一九_____年___月___日因病告终今逢葬埋之期，请道修文诵经。灵前追荐一场。望我父（母）魂灵儿，早登极乐世界。速脱九泉之苦。生者永受福庇，亡者早得超升。灵魂有知。伏维敢告

尚

飨

追荐文

报恩文

Transcript of another version of Zhuijian Wen (above)

【另一款追荐文、报恩文】

维

祭主孝男________

公元一九八二年岁次壬戊春三月丁未朔越【月】祭日________

右暨亲族人等是日虔诚上叩。

慈仁宫下盖文，南海大士。无往非恺悌[1]之心。而必以救难为先。东极慈尊。放祥光而接引。南丹贵府。指云路以超升。痛念我父（母）。原命______相___年___月___日受生。享寿___十___旬。迺于公元一九___年___月___日。因病告终。上离夫伴，下别的儿孙。全家老幼人等，常时挂念。忧虑在心，不妄恩情。想我父（母）在世之时，克勤克俭，治家有功。不𢛞[竖心+卑]一生之勤劳，忽受百年悲伤。今逢葬埋之期，请道修文诵经，追荐一场。望我父（母）的魂灵儿，早登极乐世界，莫受地狱之苦。父在九泉，莫要牵挂连[2]。家绿【园】之事，有儿照管。千思万想。在【再】无别言。鸣呼敢告。尚

飨

追荐文

报恩文

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[1] 和颜悦色，易于接近。

[2] “连”字疑为笔误，多余。

Hand-copied yin-yang texts/scripts (2) 五本手抄陰陽經典

Yin-yangs use over two dozens of books, scripts or texts in various rituals in different combinations; what I am presenting here are five basic books/scripts/texts that are used in almost all rituals. They are:
     The Book of Kitchen God 灶經
     The Book of Peaceful Earth God told by Taishang Laojun 太上老君說平安土地妙經
     The God-Inviting Text 請神課
     The Script of Adversity-Elimination and Home-Guarding 消災鎮宅經
     The Book of Mother Earth 地母經
Please note that the term "book" or jing (經) may not be a book in Western concept, because it can be as long as over 30 pages, or as short as less than 100 words.
I am presenting the books/scripts first; I will add the modern Chinese transcripts later, and eventually I will add the English translation of some of the books/scripts when the time ripe.
The books/scripts/texts were offered to us by Master Meng, the key informant in my yin-yang research, and they were camera-copied by Professor Karl Luckert, in summer 2003.

Transcript of the above the yin-yang text, the Book of the Kitchen God(s). Corrections of words and punctuation have been made based on follow-up interviews with a yin-yang master.

香厨妙供天尊

讚火司。炎帝宫。降生在厨中。作盟能调六味、得均平。有美女。亲奉送。永为正。法坛喜悦,石盐洁、美味清净。四时修斋赴坛庭，供养大恩人。香厨妙供大天尊。惟愿天尊大慈悲。香厨妙供天尊。品居五祀列九阳，下在人间上天堂。金木水火并中土。执掌五行按太阳。福水善火东厨主。盟宅司命一家王。惟愿灶王增福寿。祈保一家人安康。

太上灵宝补谢灶王真经

道言。昔登昆仑之山。有一老母。独处此山。殊无畏惧。天尊曰。惟此老母。是名种火之母。能上通天界。下统五行。达于神明。观呼二炁。在天则为天地。在人间乃为司命。又为北斗七元使者。主人寿命长短。掌人职禄。佑【又】为五帝灶君。富贵贫贱。管人寿命住宅。十二时辰。普知人间之事。每月朔日。记人造诸善恶及其功德。录其轻重。夜半奏上天曹。定其簿书。悉是此母也。凡人家灶。不可以鸡毛犬骨头发刀斧。不净柴薪。秽污等物。独【触】犯灶君。即致男

女不安。经求无利。疾癔疮痍。颠狂瘴疫。眼目昏昧。梦想颠倒。田产不收。六畜虚耗。令客鬼无惧。乱入宅中。鸡犬作怪盗贼侵期。口舌妄起。男女邪迷。官符【府】禁锢。家业流亡。皆为冲犯所致。若有此难。急宜谢之。可请东方青帝灶君。南方赤帝灶君。西方白帝灶君。北方黑帝灶君。中央黄帝灶君。五方五帝灶君。夫人天厨灵灶。地厨神灶。天帝娇男。地帝娇女。灶中童子。童男童女。曾灶祖灶。灶翁灶母。灶夫灶妇。灶子灶孙。家灶外灶。大灶小灶。长灶

短灶。新灶旧灶。五方游离灶君。左右将军。欢涛神女。前后执府灶君。小使进火神母。游火童子。灶家娘子。姊妹新灶。七十二灶。侍从神众。弟子某人。夫妇眷属。大小并是凡夫。独【触】犯者多。不自省吾【悟】。或作东西。或修南北。将刀向灶。惊动尊神。酒后高声。妄言绮语。以足进火。露体赤身。男女秽污。烹宰腥膻。歌呤【吟】厨内。叫唤灶前。致死【使】三灾兢起。百怪俱生。疾病连绵。官词【司】不迁。买卖无益。宅舍不宁。恶人谋害。六畜不利。梦想颠倒。所求不遂。即当虔

诚，愿陈忏悔。天尊曰。能如是念。祸必驱之。吾当为汝未世众生。召请此母。大降灵通。赦过宵罪。致福受庆。人口康泰。永岁无殃。青龙猰貐。白虎锵锵。朱雀赫赫。玄武堂堂。冤家伏匿。盗贼潜藏。火光入地。百怪消洋。于是妙行真人。闻天尊说此老母。是名天地司命。能掌人间罪福之事。普是群生。而为颂曰。天地临位。司命灶君。世人恭敬。福禄咸臻。去诸灾难。癔疬潜奔。仰依诲未。普得安存。天尊再告真人曰。未世男女。冲突（灾）

灶君。有灾有患。皆须清净。洒扫明灯烧香。请道士传诵此经。采召灶君。眷属名子。奏献钱财。或供饮食。为人所利。之子所受。深谊帝为。妙行真人曰。乃稽首听命。信守（受）奉行。

太上灵宝补（補）谢灶王真经。

灶君大王。司命尊神。每日于众（未）家庭中。纪禄人功过（过功）。志心礼敬。降福在人间。

灶君本是主宅王。玉皇差你下厨房。每月初一来下降。祈保一家人安康。

南丹稽首大天尊

稽首虔诚一柱香。敬（禁）在灶王宝殿上。惟愿青龙降妖怪。白虎神君灭祸殃。朱雀玄武除灾害。勾陈[1]腾蛇赐千祥。惟愿灶王增福寿。祈保弟子永无灾。愿以此功德。普及于一切。祭灶保平安。消灾增福寿。

网络另一版本

http://www.yongfutang.com/book/Contents.Asp?ID=32232

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[1] 勾陈：星名。同“鉤陈”。共六星，在紫微垣内。勾陈，即北极星。汉刘向说苑辨物：“北辰，勾陈枢星。”星经：“勾陈六星在五帝下，为后宫，大帝正妃。又主天子六军将军，以主三公。”

土黄九垒大天尊

奉请土黄九垒神。土家眷属下瑶台。我今虔坐一方地。各守方位保安宁。妖邪分秽齐挡尽。法轮常转度众生。保卫诵经归正道。当地咸宁享太平。伏以文将聪明。武将英勇。山前排马万里而统兵。红旗浩浩遮天。钥斧晃晃映日。战马英勇。有叩而皆应。无愿不存。信士虔诚立新功。

太上老君说平安土地妙经

尔时

太上老君同伊喜真人及诸大众。游于西天诸国。华盖山中。见一老人。身长六尺。头戴三山帽。眉须鬓白。身穿白衣。腰系皂条。足穿皂履。手执曲木之杖。大众咸惊。是时太上问老人曰。汝是何方圣者。独在此山之中。有何道德。老人答曰。吾是华盖山中土地。久往世间。上通天界。下察地理。居在山林。管策虎狼禽兽之数。中管人间。土住人民。遇国遇家。住立宅舍。五方土地能神。二十四像。三十八将。土家禁忌。尽皆吾之所管。吾在山中。为之山神土地。吾在园林。为之乾元土地。久在人间。为之住宅土地。吾在宫观。为之灵官土地。吾在寺院。

为之伽蓝[1]土地。吾在府州县。为之城隍土地。管人寿命长短。富贵贫贱。福禄衣食。察人善恶。若有善男信女。吃斋念经。修设功课。每月初二十六。为吾座衙之日。吾当下降。知人善恶。见人斋醮。如有烧香祷祝。修住功德。凡遇甲子之日。有瘟症而甚者。随门抄写一本土经供养。及门神户尉。察人善恶。杀生害命。不敬三宝。不孝父母。一切无功。造诸恶业。凡遇庚申之日。上奏天曹。定其善恶。故书之事。

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[1] 伽蓝:qie lan 佛寺。（僧伽蓝摩之省，梵samgharama）[伽南香] 沉香

凡人住宅。不识恶星神煞之位。九辰之星。土地禁忌。独犯者多。凡人不知不识。起动五土龙神。土柜土箭。土翁土母。土侯土伯。土子土孙。左右上下。二十四位神将。都是吾的眷属等神。如有犯之日。致招瘟疫疾病。官灾口舌。百怪更生。盗贼侵凌。诸事横起。疮疥杖疫。眼梦颠倒。金银无利。酒醋不成。暗损六畜。伤害之鬼。乱入宅中。为妖作怪。钱财耗散。田苗不成。六畜不利。人口不宁。疾病缠绵。岁月多者。是时真人。老人曰。善哉善哉。弟子

臣等。今日闻得斯语。救拔众生。若有善男信女。遭囚官司牢狱。恶难临身。受持此经。每月初二十六。虔诚拜礼。沫手敬香。看诵七遍。功德无量。官非除解。灾祸消灭。皆大欢喜。信守奉行。

太上老君说平安土地妙经终。

元始安镇。普告万灵。岳渎真官。土地祗灵左社右稷。不得妄惊。四向正道。内外澄清。各安方位。备守家庭。太上有命。搜捕邪精。护法神王。保卫诵经。皈依大道。元亨利贞。急急如律令。

此间土地。神祈最灵。升天达地。出幽入冥。维无关奏。不得留停。有功之日。名书上请。

Transcript of the above text on green paper. From terms such as 施食、沙河 we already see it is a mixture of Daoism and Buddhism; and the four characters 唵吽吒唎 in the last line are definitely from a Buddhist incantation.

     汝等孤魂众

     吾今施食供

     一粒遍十方

     河沙鬼神用

生天得道天尊化唵吽吒唎生天而去早炓炓